Linux distribution (short for Linux distribution) is a designation for computer operating systems and applications, is a Unix family that uses the Linux kernel. Linux distributions can be free software and can also be commercial software.
Here are some Linux operating systems that we know of:
f the GNU / Linux which is classified as old, offering convenience, fully graphical display mode starting during installation, and friendly usage. The latest version of Red Hat is the RedHat Linux 9.0 distribution, this is a stable version and improvements and improvements to system administration are equipped with the latest desktop managers such as KDE 3.1 and GNOME 2.2 and the latest applications such as GIMP graphics 1.2.3, OpenOffice, KOffice, Diagrams, Multimedia applications Player,
The ease of use offered by RedHat Linux 9.0 is almost the same as the environment provided by the Windows operating system. These conveniences include installing software, introducing hardware detection, configuring and managing the system and hard disk, and using applications that can all be done very easily and are supported with graphical menus and commands that are easy to follow.
Debian Linux
Debian Linux is a computer operating system composed of software packages released as free and open software under the majority of the GNU General Public License and other free software licenses. Debian Linux includes the GNU operating system tools and the Linux Kernel is a popular and influential Linux distribution. Debian is distributed with access to repositories with thousands of software packages that are ready for installation and use .ebian is famous for its strict attitude to the philosophy of Unix and free software. Debian can be used on a variety of hardware, from portable and desktop computers to telephones and servers. Debian focuses on stability and security. Debian is widely used as the basis of many other GNU / Linux distributions.
The Debian operating system is a combination of software developed under the GNU license, and mainly uses the Linux kernel, so it is popularly known as Debian GNU / Linux. The Debian operating system that uses the Linux kernel is a Linux distribution that is popular with its stability. Taking into account Debian-based distros, such as Ubuntu, Xubuntu, Knoppix, Mint, and so on, Debian is the most widely used Linux distribution in the world.
One of the Linux distributions, from the website alone (. Org), it appears that this distro actually does not prioritize as a commercial distribution. Debian linux is the result of the efforts of volunteers to make high-quality and non-commercial distributions. The advantages of using Debian are that it is easy to upgrade, package dependencies are well-defined, and openly developed. Is the only distribution developed jointly through the Internet with more than 400 package managers working on more than 1500 packages in developing Debian. Is a very dynamic distribution.
Mandrake Linux / Mandriva
One Linux distribution, born inspired by RedHat Linux, with many pre-configured development and application making it easier for beginners, both from the initial installation process based on Xwindow, to its use and supported by various languages. In Mandrake, all packages have been compiled with optimization CPU for the Pentium class (intel, amd, cyrixm winchip) and the processor above it and produce an optimization of more than 30%. Using a package manager called urpmi. Until version 8.0 still used the name mandrake, versions 8.1 - 9.2 used the name mandriva.
SuSE Linux
One of the main advantages of OpenSUSE compared to other Linux distributions is the completeness of the library and the abundance of software that is included. Together with Red Hat, SUSE is an early version of Linux distribution that continues to survive and develop until now. Its features include: menu-based installation (CD-ROM), modular boot disks, hundreds of pages of reference books, and YAST, the administration tool in SuSe. Supports new graphics cards and live demo modes. The SuSe package is called SPM (SuSe Package Manager) .SUSE is a stable Linux distribution, easy to detect hardware, easy to manage and fully supported by the developer community around the world and has sponsorship support from large companies.
Xandros Linux
Xandros Linux is a Linux distribution based on the KDE system. It looks very similar to Microsoft Windows, so when operated it is very easy and convenient. In addition, this operating system is also cheap. In stores, LinuXandros CDs are usually sold at approximately $1,09 - $2,18. This operating system is very user-friendly and not difficult for beginners. At present, Xandros has reached version 4.
Gentoo Linux
Gentoo Linux is a Linux distribution that uses the Portage management system package. [Debian that uses the .deb package, RedHat / Mandrake that uses the .rpm package]. This package management is designed to be modular (easy to add), portable (can be ported to other distributions), easy to set up, flexible, and optimized for each user's computer. The name of the development project and product are taken from a type of penguin called Gentoo. Distribution that has its own uniqueness and can be optimized and customized for almost all types of applications or uses. Very extreme configuration, support from fellow users and a very good developer is one of the strengths of Gentoo. Thanks to a technology called Portage, Gentoo Linux can be a secure server, a develop system, a desktop professional, a gaming system, solosi for 'embedded' or whatever we want. Knoppix Linux
Knoppix is a live-cd Linux distribution that can be run through a CD-ROM without installation on the hard disk. This distro is based on Debian Linux and was created by Klaus Knopper. Knoppix has a variety of applications that are quite complete and can be used as a demo or Linux learning tool for those who do not have space on their hard disk. Knoppix can also be used as a rescue CD. The disadvantage of Knoppix is that it requires a large amount of memory to use the 96MB graphics mode, although it can also run on 64MB of memory with a swap on the hard disk.
Ubuntu Linux
Ubuntu is a Linux distribution based on Debian. The Ubuntu project is sponsored by Canonical Ltd (a company owned by Mark Shuttleworth). The name Ubuntu is taken from the name of an ideological concept in South Africa. "Ubuntu" comes from the ancient language of Africa, which means "a sense of humanity towards fellow human beings". The latest version is 8.10, with several advantages, namely: Setting the Network Manager easier, can make a Startup Disk on a USB Flashdisk, Unmount media easier, desktop version of Gnome 2.24.1.
Fedora
Fedora (formerly called Fedora Core, sometimes also called Fedora Linux) is an RPM-based Linux distribution that is developed by the Fedora Project which is supported by the programming community and sponsored by Red Hat. The latest version is Fedora 10, which has several advantages, namely: the GNOME 2.24.1 desktop, KDE 4.1.2, OpenOffice 3.0, Firefox 3.0.4, Linux 2.6.27.5, X.org-X-Server 1.5.3, Glibc 2.9 and RPM 4.6. Many new features such as the 'Glitch-Free' version for PulseAudio, Security systems, Audit and Intrusion-Detection Sectool, PackageKit-Framework, printer configuration software with new features and support for Adhoc-Network / Connection Sharing complete NetworkManager, making Cambridge one distributions with leading features that will certainly be followed by other distros.
Free BSD
FreeBSD is a computer operating system based on 4.4BSD-Lite2, a version of UNIX developed by the University of California at Berkeley. An important part of the FreeBSD operating system is the Ports collection, which currently has 8,633 copies of the popular UNIX application in use. The ports collection provides automated application porting processes for use on FreeBSD systems. FreeBSD has high operating system stability, is open source and fully supports TCP / IP networking technology.
CentOS
CentOS is a free operating system based on Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL). This project seeks to be 100% binary compatible with upstream products (RHEL). Additional software archives provide the latest version of the packages, based on RPM packages. CentOS stands for Community ENTerprise Operating System. One drawback of CentOS is that there are few file systems supported by the kernel, including CentOS cannot read ReiserFS and NTFS.
Turbo Linux
TurboLinux is targeting high-performance Linux-based products for the workstation and server market, especially for clustering and its orientation to companies. Some of its products: TurboLinux Workstation for desktops, TurboLinux Server for backend servers with high performance especially for business use in companies, e-commerce and B2B (Business-to-Business) transactions. One of its products is TurboCluster Server is targeted for the creation of server clusters that are broad scale and can use 25 or more cluster nodes. One application is based on a simple and powerful concept called 'parametric execution'. enFuzion will change the company's computer network into a super computer with high speed and 'fault tolerant'.
Linux Mint
Linux Mint is a Linux-based operating system for PCs. The core of LinuxMint is Ubuntu, so applications that can run on Ubuntu, can also run on LinuxMint. LinuxMint comes with search and favorite applications. LinuxMint is already integrated with commonly used multimedia codecs and integrated with Java Runtime. This distribution has advantages in a simple desktop display and management that is very easy to learn PCLinuxOS
This linux distribution is designed to make it easy for beginner linux users to install it. Inside the package is filled with applications that are widely used such as Open Office (office applications), Amarok (for playing MP3 songs), MPlayer for playing videos, Gimp (Linux version of Photoshop) for graphic design, as well as games (for base install does not yet exist, but we can install via synaptic). is its ability to recognize hardware. Both my soundcard, VGA and TV Tuner. So, after installing we don't need to look for drivers, unless you want to activate the 3D facility.
Sabayon Linux
Sabayon linux is a Gentoo Linux-based live DVD. Although it is released on a live DVD, it can still be installed on a hard disk. Originally from Trentino, Italy and named after an Italian dessert called Sabayon. Sabayon is made from egg yolk, sugar and sweet alcohol. In terms of appearance, Sabayon has its own characteristics, with red black and chicken footprint logo. But most of the themes and wallpapers are still default KDE that can be customized, and with Compiz / Beryl settings that are easily activated.
Damn Small Linux (DSL)
Damn Small Linux as the name suggests is a lightweight linux, only 50MB so it can be installed on an old computer or even run via USB. Said to be lightweight because the applications that it carries are small but powerful programs. Most are GTK based applications. Besides being able to function for desktop use, DSL can also function as a small server because it has been equipped with applications such as http server, ssh server and ftp server. This distribution can also be installed on a hard disk or flashdisk. The installation process does not need to be manual, because the script has been provided in this distribution.
Linspire
Linspire, formerly LindowsOS, is a commercial (not free) operating system based on Debian and later Ubuntu. Linspire is published by Linspire, Inc. Linspire bundles proprietary software, drivers and codecs that don't have reliable alternatives on Open Source. Examples include those related to MP3, Real, Java, Flash, ATI, nVidia, WiFi, and many others. Linspire 6.0 is called the first Linux to contain Microsoft technologies such as Windows Media, True Type Fonts, and also Open XML translators so that OpenOffice can open and edit Microsoft Word .docx alias Office Open XML (OOXML) formats .16. Freespire
Freespire is an edition from Linspire developed jointly by the community and sponsored by Linspire. FreeSpire is Linux that contains both open source components and other free software (community driven, freely distributed, open source code, etc.), but gives users the opportunity to add software options such as proprietary codecs, drivers and applications needed. based on Ubuntu, freespire returns to the Debian base. But still "sharing repository" with ubuntu.
There are lots of Linux distributions and variants. Another distro from Indonesia is Igos.
Other Linux Live CD distributions: gNewSense, AdiOS, Agnula, AntiX, Arabian Linux, Arudius, Austrumi, Belenix, Berry Linux, BESTIX and many others.
